The principle objectives of this background paper, as outlined in the terms of reference, are to provide an overview of existing approaches and projects in areas of gender and energy, including where possible, practical experiences with gender and energy policy formulation and implementation. The paper is written with a view to deepen our analysis of gender mainstreaming in energy policy formulation and implementation for sustainable development. The paper is also solution oriented and generates recommendations for policy makers and project implementers. The second objective requires providing case studies impact of rural electrification projects towards gender, and identify strategies for promoting more gender responsive energy policies.