Energy is a critical enabler in reaching development goals. However, the benefits of increased access to modern and cleaner energy services often fail to accrue evenly to men and women. The African Development Bank and ENERGIA recognise the need to prioritise policy action in the field of gender and energy to meet the international Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This country brief on gender and energy in Rwanda is one in a series to support equality of access and use of energy by women and men through evidence-based initiatives.